Two-dimensional spouted bed, capable to provide both dilute granular gas and dense granular solid flow patterns in one system, was selected as a prototypical system for studying granular materials. Effects of liquid cohesion on such kind of complex granular patterns were studies for the first time, using particle image velocimetry.

Publication: Zhu RR, Li SQ, Yao Q. Effects of cohesion on the flow patterns of granular materials in spouted beds. Physical Review E, 87(2): 022206 (2013).